{"id":7113,"date":"2020-09-17T11:11:49","date_gmt":"2020-09-17T09:11:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/?p=7113"},"modified":"2020-09-17T11:23:42","modified_gmt":"2020-09-17T09:23:42","slug":"7113","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/","title":{"rendered":"Stealing from the Saracens. Islamic influence on Europe\u2019s architecture"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201cStealing from the Saracens. How Islamic architecture shaped Europe\u201d, the new book from Middle East cultural expert Diana Darke, delves on the influence exerted by the East in the development of the Gothic architecture, a style of art often linked to the European culture and heritage. Arab News<\/a> attended the book-launch and highlights, throughout this article, some of the main features and reflections gathered by the authoress. Although the main point of this book is not something new and had already been noted, the book contributes to point out the blurring of frontiers between the East and the West, as well as the need for the West to acknowledge the impact and present the Islamic culture has had on its development.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>It is the architectural style that gave Europe some of its best-loved and most beautiful buildings, including the Duomo in Milan and Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris.<\/p>\n

But a new book reveals how Gothic architecture \u2014 and many of the dramatic landmarks it inspired \u2014 were heavily influenced by Arab and Islamic cultures.<\/p>\n

\u201cStealing from the Saracens\u201d,<\/strong> launched in London on Thursday (August 19th<\/sup>), details the debt that many iconic European buildings owe to Islamic and Arab design.<\/p>\n

Diana Darke, an author and Middle East cultural expert, said the reaction to the fire at Notre-Dame cathedral in April 2019 inspired her to write about the topic.<\/p>\n

People were saying that the cathedral was \u201ca great symbol of French identity,\u201d Darke said. \u201cBut this building is not nearly as European as they think.\u201d<\/p>\n

Darke told Arab News: \u201cThe reaction to the fire made me angry. It prompted me to put out a tweet the morning after saying Notre-Dame\u2019s ancestor was standing on a hilltop in Idlib province, and I attached a photo of Syria\u2019s Qalb Lozeh, a fifth-century church.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cStealing from the Saracens\u201d\u00a0details the debt that many iconic European buildings owe to Islamic and Arab design.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

She then wrote a blog about the subject that went viral. It featured in the Shanghai Times, newspapers in India and across the world.<\/p>\n

Darke said she still had no plan to write a book on Gothic architecture of the Middle Ages borrowing heavily from Islamic and Arab heritage.<\/p>\n

Who steals from whom?<\/h3>\n

However, on a visit to Cordoba in 2019, she was shocked to see the level of cultural appropriation at the Mezquita and the Syrian origins of the World Heritage Site ignored.<\/p>\n

\u201cIf you didn\u2019t know, you could honestly be unaware that it had originally been a mosque,\u201d Darke said.<\/p>\n

On a visit to Cordoba in 2019, she was shocked to see the level of cultural appropriation at the Mezquita and the Syrian origins of the World Heritage Site ignored.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The trip was a turning point and the author began writing \u201cStealing from the Saracens\u201d to put the record straight.<\/p>\n

A derogatory term used by Christian writers in Europe during the Middle Ages to refer to Arab Muslims, the noun \u201csaracens\u201d comes from the Arabic verb \u201csaraqa,\u201d meaning to steal.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

The Alhambra in Cordoba.<\/p><\/div>\n

Saracens were seen as looters and thieves, leading to a double irony in the book\u2019s title: Gothic cathedrals and churches actually adopted features influenced by the architecture of Arab Muslims, not the other way round.<\/p>\n

Multiple examples<\/h3>\n

Gothic architecture\u2019s main characteristics are pointed arches and ribbed vaulting, Darke said. Both features, along with trefoil arches, are inspired by Islamic and Arab design.<\/p>\n

Pointed and trefoil arches came to Europe from the Levant where Jerusalem\u2019s Dome of the Rock is situated.<\/p>\n

The trefoil arch, with its three rounded lobes, \u201cfeeds perfectly into the Christian trinity and that\u2019s why the Christians adopted that so readily,\u201d Drake explained.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt fitted their symbolism perfectly. But it did not exist on any Christian building in Syria before the Umayyad dynasty \u2014 they definitely introduced that as an architectural form in their desert palaces scattered across Syria and Jordan.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

Westminster Abbey. Photo by Tomasz Baranowski<\/p><\/div>\n

Pointed, trefoil and ogee arches, along with ribbed vaulting, can be seen in iconic London buildings such as the tower of Big Ben, Houses of Parliament and Westminster Abbey.<\/p>\n

The trefoil, ogee and pointed arches of Westminster Abbey, as well as the twin tower flanking its monumental entrance, can be traced back to Islamic and Arab architecture, as the book illustrates using beautiful labelled pictures.<\/p>\n

The Big Ben clock tower\u2019s delicate finials and arcades of ogee arches can also be traced back to the Middle East, while St. Paul\u2019s Cathedral\u2019s double dome, clerestory windows and domed ceiling are also inspired by Arab and Islamic styles.<\/p>\n

Darke offers insights into the scale of culture that was imported from East to West and how heavily Gothic architecture relied on buildings in the Middle East.<\/p>\n

\u201cEverything, except the flying buttresses that became necessary as bishops went into rivalry with each other, trying to build higher and higher cathedrals\u201d was inspired by Middle Eastern architecture\u201d, she said.<\/p>\n

Another key feature of Gothic architecture was the extensive use of stained glass.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe glass in many early cathedrals came from Syria, and studies have been done in several key locations to trace its origins,\u201d Darke said.<\/p>\n

Stained glass in Canterbury Cathedral and York Minister in England, and in Rouen Cathedral in France were found to have Islamic composition.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

Canterbury Cathedral. Photo by John K Thorne<\/p><\/div>\n

\u201cThey can tell because of the plant ash that was used,\u201d Darke explained.<\/p>\n

Readers of Darke\u2019s book should not be surprised by Gothic architecture\u2019s debt to Arab and Islamic culture \u2014 this was acknowledged by the man who designed St. Paul\u2019s Cathedral.<\/p>\n

\u201cModern Gothic, as it is called, is deduced from a different quarter; it is distinguished by the lightness of its work, by the excessive boldness of its elevations \u2026 such productions, so airy, cannot admit the heavy Goths for their author; how can be attributed to them a style of architecture, which was only introduced in the 10th century of our era?\u201d wrote Sir Christopher Wren in the early 1700s.<\/p>\n

\u201cFrom all the marks of the new architecture it can only be attributed to the Moors; or what is the same thing, to the Arabian or Saracens.\u201d<\/p>\n

Source: Arab News<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201cStealing from the Saracens. How Islamic architecture shaped Europe\u201d, the new book from Middle East cultural expert Diana Darke, delves on the influence exerted by the East in the development of the Gothic architecture, a style of art often linked to the European culture and heritage. Arab News attended the book-launch and highlights, throughout this article, some of the main features and reflections gathered by the authoress. Although the main point of this book is not something new and had already been noted, the book contributes to point out the blurring of frontiers between the East and the West, as well as the need for the West to acknowledge the impact and present the Islamic culture has had on its development. It is the architectural style that gave Europe some of its best-loved and most beautiful buildings, including the Duomo in Milan and Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris. But a new book reveals how Gothic architecture \u2014 and many of the dramatic landmarks it inspired \u2014 were heavily influenced by Arab and Islamic cultures. \u201cStealing from the Saracens\u201d, launched in London on Thursday (August 19th), details the debt that many iconic European buildings owe to Islamic and Arab design. Diana Darke, …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7114,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[115],"tags":[707,144,155],"class_list":["post-7113","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-share-en","tag-architecture","tag-culture","tag-history"],"yoast_head":"\nStealing from the Saracens. Islamic influence on Europe\u2019s architecture - Twist Islamophobia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Stealing from the Saracens. Islamic influence on Europe\u2019s architecture - Twist Islamophobia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u201cStealing from the Saracens. How Islamic architecture shaped Europe\u201d, the new book from Middle East cultural expert Diana Darke, delves on the influence exerted by the East in the development of the Gothic architecture, a style of art often linked to the European culture and heritage. Arab News attended the book-launch and highlights, throughout this article, some of the main features and reflections gathered by the authoress. Although the main point of this book is not something new and had already been noted, the book contributes to point out the blurring of frontiers between the East and the West, as well as the need for the West to acknowledge the impact and present the Islamic culture has had on its development. It is the architectural style that gave Europe some of its best-loved and most beautiful buildings, including the Duomo in Milan and Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris. But a new book reveals how Gothic architecture \u2014 and many of the dramatic landmarks it inspired \u2014 were heavily influenced by Arab and Islamic cultures. \u201cStealing from the Saracens\u201d, launched in London on Thursday (August 19th), details the debt that many iconic European buildings owe to Islamic and Arab design. Diana Darke, ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Twist Islamophobia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"Fundaciondeculturaislamica\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-09-17T09:11:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-09-17T09:23:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Notre-Dame_Photo-by-Kirk-K.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"495\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fundaci\u00f3n de Cultura Isl\u00e1mica\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fundaci\u00f3n de Cultura Isl\u00e1mica\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/en\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/17\\\/7113\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/en\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/17\\\/7113\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fundaci\u00f3n de Cultura Isl\u00e1mica\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ad747f2d69cf56db855e7341a1478d0d\"},\"headline\":\"Stealing from the Saracens. Islamic influence on Europe\u2019s architecture\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-09-17T09:11:49+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-09-17T09:23:42+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/en\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/17\\\/7113\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1058,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/en\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/17\\\/7113\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/Notre-Dame_Photo-by-Kirk-K.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"architecture\",\"culture\",\"history\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Share\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/en\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/17\\\/7113\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/en\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/17\\\/7113\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/en\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/17\\\/7113\\\/\",\"name\":\"Stealing from the Saracens. Islamic influence on Europe\u2019s architecture - Twist Islamophobia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/en\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/17\\\/7113\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/en\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/17\\\/7113\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/Notre-Dame_Photo-by-Kirk-K.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-09-17T09:11:49+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-09-17T09:23:42+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ad747f2d69cf56db855e7341a1478d0d\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/en\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/17\\\/7113\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/en\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/17\\\/7113\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/en\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/17\\\/7113\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/Notre-Dame_Photo-by-Kirk-K.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/Notre-Dame_Photo-by-Kirk-K.jpg\",\"width\":800,\"height\":495,\"caption\":\"Photo by Kirk K\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/en\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/17\\\/7113\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Portada\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Stealing from the Saracens. Islamic influence on Europe\u2019s architecture\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/\",\"name\":\"Twist Islamophobia\",\"description\":\"porque las diferencias suman\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ad747f2d69cf56db855e7341a1478d0d\",\"name\":\"Fundaci\u00f3n de Cultura Isl\u00e1mica\",\"description\":\"La Fundaci\u00f3n de Cultura Isl\u00e1mica promueve el di\u00e1logo intercultural y la educaci\u00f3n para el desarrollo de forma independiente, cient\u00edfica y rigurosa, desde hace m\u00e1s de tres d\u00e9cadas.\",\"sameAs\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/www.funci.org\\\/\",\"Fundaciondeculturaislamica\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/twistislamophobia.org\\\/en\\\/author\\\/funci\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Stealing from the Saracens. Islamic influence on Europe\u2019s architecture - Twist Islamophobia","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Stealing from the Saracens. Islamic influence on Europe\u2019s architecture - Twist Islamophobia","og_description":"\u201cStealing from the Saracens. How Islamic architecture shaped Europe\u201d, the new book from Middle East cultural expert Diana Darke, delves on the influence exerted by the East in the development of the Gothic architecture, a style of art often linked to the European culture and heritage. Arab News attended the book-launch and highlights, throughout this article, some of the main features and reflections gathered by the authoress. Although the main point of this book is not something new and had already been noted, the book contributes to point out the blurring of frontiers between the East and the West, as well as the need for the West to acknowledge the impact and present the Islamic culture has had on its development. It is the architectural style that gave Europe some of its best-loved and most beautiful buildings, including the Duomo in Milan and Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris. But a new book reveals how Gothic architecture \u2014 and many of the dramatic landmarks it inspired \u2014 were heavily influenced by Arab and Islamic cultures. \u201cStealing from the Saracens\u201d, launched in London on Thursday (August 19th), details the debt that many iconic European buildings owe to Islamic and Arab design. Diana Darke, ...","og_url":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/","og_site_name":"Twist Islamophobia","article_author":"Fundaciondeculturaislamica","article_published_time":"2020-09-17T09:11:49+00:00","article_modified_time":"2020-09-17T09:23:42+00:00","og_image":[{"width":800,"height":495,"url":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Notre-Dame_Photo-by-Kirk-K.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Fundaci\u00f3n de Cultura Isl\u00e1mica","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Fundaci\u00f3n de Cultura Isl\u00e1mica","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/"},"author":{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n de Cultura Isl\u00e1mica","@id":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/#\/schema\/person\/ad747f2d69cf56db855e7341a1478d0d"},"headline":"Stealing from the Saracens. Islamic influence on Europe\u2019s architecture","datePublished":"2020-09-17T09:11:49+00:00","dateModified":"2020-09-17T09:23:42+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/"},"wordCount":1058,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Notre-Dame_Photo-by-Kirk-K.jpg","keywords":["architecture","culture","history"],"articleSection":["Share"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/","url":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/","name":"Stealing from the Saracens. Islamic influence on Europe\u2019s architecture - Twist Islamophobia","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Notre-Dame_Photo-by-Kirk-K.jpg","datePublished":"2020-09-17T09:11:49+00:00","dateModified":"2020-09-17T09:23:42+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/#\/schema\/person\/ad747f2d69cf56db855e7341a1478d0d"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Notre-Dame_Photo-by-Kirk-K.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Notre-Dame_Photo-by-Kirk-K.jpg","width":800,"height":495,"caption":"Photo by Kirk K"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/2020\/09\/17\/7113\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Portada","item":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Stealing from the Saracens. Islamic influence on Europe\u2019s architecture"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/","name":"Twist Islamophobia","description":"porque las diferencias suman","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/#\/schema\/person\/ad747f2d69cf56db855e7341a1478d0d","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n de Cultura Isl\u00e1mica","description":"La Fundaci\u00f3n de Cultura Isl\u00e1mica promueve el di\u00e1logo intercultural y la educaci\u00f3n para el desarrollo de forma independiente, cient\u00edfica y rigurosa, desde hace m\u00e1s de tres d\u00e9cadas.","sameAs":["http:\/\/www.funci.org\/","Fundaciondeculturaislamica"],"url":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/author\/funci\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7113","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7113"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7113\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7126,"href":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7113\/revisions\/7126"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7114"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7113"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7113"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/twistislamophobia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7113"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}